Amir Siraj

"The more we look to nature, the closer we can get to answering fundamental questions about the world around us — about the past, but also about the future. That’s the beauty of science."

– Amir Siraj, (New York Times, Feb. 15, 2021)

Amir Siraj

Amir Siraj is a concert pianist (New England Conservatory of Music, M.M. '23) and theoretical astrophysicist (Harvard University A.M. '22, A.B. '22). He is currently pursuing his Ph.D. at Princeton University's Department of Astrophysical Sciences. CNN called his work one of ten “extraordinary cosmic revelations” in 2022. 

Siraj believes in the intersectional power of the arts and sciences, recently having organized a panel discussion at the Aspen Center for Physics with composers John Luther Adams and Christopher Theofanidis, and physicists Lisa Randall and Vijay Balasubramanian. He also collaborated with Yo-Yo Ma, Emanuel Ax, Imany, Matthias Maurer, Josef Aschbacher, and Gabriela Ramos on an event at UNESCO headquarters in Paris exploring how space and music can inspire humanistic ideals. This fall, Siraj performed Yo-Yo Ma for the UN General Assembly this fall to encourage world leaders to recommit to the Sustainable Development Goals.

Recently named one of Astronomy Magazine's 25 Rising Stars, Siraj seeks to understand the solar system in the context of its cosmic environment through research topics including: interstellar objects, asteroids and comets, planetary system formation and evolution, supernovae, black holes, dark matter, and the search for life in the universe. The youngest scientist named to Forbes 30 Under 30 in 2021, Siraj is a recipient of the Institute for Theory and Computation Predoctoral Fellowship, Goldwater Scholarship, Thomas T. Hoopes Prize, Leo Goldberg Prize (Senior & Junior), Origins of Life Summer Undergraduate Research Prize Award, Mirzakhani Scholarship, John Harvard Scholarship, Harvard College Scholarship, and the Harvard College Research Program Grant. Siraj's research was featured as one of 2020's Best Space Moments and two of the 10 Mind-Blowing Recent Astronomical Developments, including #1 for the latter. He discovered the first interstellar meteor, and initiated an ocean expedition to search for the first fragments from an interstellar meteor in summer 2023. Siraj is former fellow at the Harvard College Observatory, former president of Harvard Students for the Exploration and Development of Space, and former Senior U.S. Editor of the Harvard Political Review.

A U.S. Presidential Scholar in the Arts, Siraj holds a Master's degree in piano at the New England Conservatory of Music, where he studied under the guidance of Professor Wha Kyung Byun. Siraj has been featured as a guest soloist with the Boston Symphony and the Boston Pops, and has played for luminaries such as Moon Jae-in, Justin Trudeau, and Queen Rania of Jordan. He is a Steinway Young Artist and an alumnus of the Lang Lang International Music Foundation Young Scholars Program. Siraj has performed at venues including the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C., Wigmore Hall in London, and Millenium Park in Chicago. He appeared at the GRAMMY Salute to Classical Music at Carnegie Hall's Stern Auditorium, Swiss Alps Classics in Vitznau, and JBLFest in Las Vegas. Siraj is passionate about using music for social good and has collaborated with organizations including the National Park Foundation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Music For Food, and the Leeds International Piano Competition on such efforts, most recently by founding the Music For The Parks initiative with the support of NPR's From The Top. He served as Assistant Music Director of the Hasty Pudding Theatricals, the oldest theater group in the United States, and was a member of the Harvard Krokodiloes, Harvard University's oldest a cappella group.

This is Amir's academic webpage. Amir's personal website can be accessed at the following link: https://www.amir-siraj.com/.

Aspen Center for Physics

Moderator Amir Siraj (left), interviews Pulitzer-prize winning composer John Luther Adams, physicist Lisa Randall, Grammy-winning composer Christopher Theofanidis, and physicist and polymath Vijay Balasubramanian. Emily Taylor/Courtesy photo. Published in The Aspen Times.

Princeton University

PhD in Astrophysics, 2028 (expected)

New England Conservatory of Music

MM in Piano Performance, 2023

Harvard University

AM in Astrophysics, 2022

AB summa cum laude in Astrophysics, 2022

Amir Siraj

Amir Siraj at the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian (2022). Credit: Jon Chase / Harvard University

Publications

(ADS, arXiv)

First Author:

33. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Interstellar Meteors are Outliers in Material Strength," accepted for publication in ApJL. [arXiv:2209.09905]
32. Siraj, A., et al. "Physical Considerations for an Intercept Mission to a 1I/'Oumuamua-like Interstellar Object," accepted for publication in JAI. [arXiv:2211.02120]
31. Siraj, A., Loeb, A, & Gallaudet, T. "An Ocean Expedition by the Galileo Project to Retrieve Fragments of...CNEOS 2014-01-08," submitted to JAI. [arXiv:2208.00092]
30. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "New Constraints on the Composition and Initial Speed of CNEOS 2014-01-08," RNAAS (2022). [arXiv:2204.08482]
29. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "The New Astronomical Frontier of Interstellar Objects," invited review for the journal Astrobiology. [arXiv:2111.05516]
28. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Preliminary Evidence That Protoplanetary Disks Eject More Mass Than They Retain," submitted for publication. [arXiv:2108.13429]
27. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Intelligent Responses to Our Technological Signals Will Not Arrive In Fewer Than Three Millennia," accepted for publication in Acta Astronautica. [arXiv:2108.01690]
26. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Explaining Neptune's Eccentricity," RNAAS (2021). [arXiv:2104.07672]
25. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "The Mass Budget Necessary to Explain `Oumuamua as a Nitrogen Iceberg," New Astronomy (2021). [arXiv:2103.14032]
​​​​​​24. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Breakup of a Long-Period Comet as the Origin of the Dinosaur Extinction," Nature Scientific Reports (2021). [arXiv:2102.06785]
23. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "The Copernican Principle Rules Out BLC1 as a Technological Radio Signal from the α Cen System," submitted for publication. [arXiv:2101.04118]
22. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Interstellar Objects Outnumber Solar System Objects in the Oort Cloud," MNRAS (2021). [arXiv:2011.14900]
21. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Observable Signatures of the Ejection Speed of Interstellar Objects from their Birth Systems," ApJL (2020). [arXiv:2010.02214]
20. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Transfer of Life Between Earth and Venus with Planet-Grazing Asteroids," submitted for publication. [arXiv:2009.09512]
19. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "The Case for an Early Solar Binary Companion," ApJL (2020). [arXiv:2007.10339]
18. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Risks for Life on Proxima b from Sterilizing Asteroid Impacts," PSJ (2020). [arXiv:2006.12503]
17. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Searching for Black Holes in the Outer Solar System with LSST," ApJL (2020). [arXiv:2005.12280]
16. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Impacts of Dust Grains Accelerated by Supernovae on the Moon," ApJL (2020). [arXiv:2004.11379]
15. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Repeated Impact-Driven Plume Formation On Enceladus Over Myr Timescales," Icarus (2021). [arXiv:2003.07866]
14. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Detecting Interstellar Objects through Stellar Occultations," ApJL (2020). [arXiv:2001.02681]
13. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Observational Signatures of Sub-Relativistic Meteors," submitted for publication. [arXiv:2002.01476]
12. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Possible Transfer of Life by Earth-Grazing Objects to Exoplanetary Systems," Life (2020). [arXiv:2001.02235]
11. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Exporting Terrestrial Life Out of the Solar System with Gravitational Slingshots..." IAJ (2020). [arXiv:1910.06414]
10. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "An Argument for a Kilometer-scale Nucleus of C/2019 Q4," RNAAS (2019). [arXiv:1909.07286]
9. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Radio Flares from Collisions of Neutron Stars with Interstellar Asteroids," RNAAS (2019). [arXiv:1908.11440]
8. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "A Real-Time Search for Interstellar Impacts on the Moon," Acta Astronautica (2020). [arXiv:1908.08543]
7. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Halo Meteors," New Astronomy (2020). [arXiv:1906.05291]
6. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Probing Extrasolar Planetary Systems with Interstellar Meteors," [arXiv:1906.03270]
5. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "A Meteor of Apparent Interstellar Origin in the CNEOS Fireball Catalog," ApJ (2022). [arXiv:1904.07224]
4. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Identifying Interstellar Objects Trapped in the Solar System through Their Orbital Parameters," ApJL (2019). [arXiv:1811.09632]
3. Siraj, A., & Loeb, A. "Oumuamua's Geometry Could Be More Extreme than Previously Inferred," RNAAS (2019).

Second Author:

2. Mukherjee, D., Siraj, A., Trac, H., & Loeb, A. "Close encounters of the interstellar kind...," MNRAS (2023). [arXiv:2305.08915]
1. Hora, J. L., Siraj, A., Mommert, M., et al. "Infrared Light Curves of Near-Earth Objects," ApJ Supplement Series (2018). [arXiv:1808.07873]

In The News

How Top Secret Nuke Sensor Data Confirmed the First Interstellar Object, VICE (January 29, 2024)

5 Earth-like worlds may lurk in the outer reaches of the solar system, simulations suggest, Live Science (January 16, 2024)

There Could Be a Rogue Planet in Our Solar System, SYFY (January 11, 2024)

There Could Be Alien, Mars-Sized Planets Lurking Beyond Pluto, Science Alert (January 10, 2024)

How Many Planets Could Be in the Kuiper Belt?, Universe Today (December 31, 2023)

5 of Our Favorite Podcast Episodes to Celebrate Winter Wonder, Atlas Obscura (December 29, 2023)

Stolen planet could be hiding on the edge of our solar system, New Scientist (December 15, 2023)

Tiny Metal Spheres Recovered from Ocean, VICE (August 30, 2023)

NYT Coverage,(July 24, 2023; August 24, 2023)

Have We Found Fragments of a Meteor from Another Star?, Scientific American (July 5, 2023)

Simulations suggest interstellar objects could be captured by Earth's gravity, Phys.org (May 30, 2023)

On Music And The Universe, KERA – NPR Dallas (May 15, 2023)

2022’s extraordinary cosmic revelations and moments in space exploration, CNN (December 27, 2022)

We’ll Inevitably see Another Interstellar Object. Which Ones Make the Best Targets to Visit?, Universe Today (November 11, 2022)

Outlining the requirements for a rendezvous mission with an interstellar visitor, Phys.org (November 9, 2022)

We Need to Intercept Our Next Interstellar Visitor, VICE (November 8, 2022)

Meteor showers rain clues about the solar system, Axios (November 8, 2022)

Confirmed! A 2014 meteor is Earth's 1st known interstellar visitor, Space.com (November 4, 2022)

Rising Star in Astronomy: Amir Siraj, Astronomy Magazine (November 3, 2022)

Creating the Future: Amir Siraj ’23 MM Performs with Yo-Yo Ma and Emanuel Ax in Paris, NEC (October 26, 2022)

Second Interstellar Object on Earth, VICE (September 23, 2022)

A Mattress-Sized Magnet to Fish a Meteorite From the Ocean, Popular Mechanics (August 18, 2022)

Fishing an Interstellar Meteorite Out of the Ocean Using a Massive Magnet, Live Science (August 9, 2022)

An Interstellar Meteor Struck the Earth in 2014; Scientists Want to Search for it at the Bottom of the Ocean, Universe Today (August 3, 2022) 

NASA Seeks the Science behind UFOs, Scientific American (August 3, 2022)

Scientific discovery gets governmental approval, Harvard Gazette (May 4, 2022)

U.S. Space Command confirms interstellar meteor hit Earth, CBS (April 15, 2022)

Military Memo Deepens Possible Interstellar Meteor Mystery, New York Times (April 15, 2022)

The first known interstellar meteor hit Earth in 2014, U.S. officials say, NPR (April 14, 2022)

U.S. officials confirm first known interstellar meteor struck Earth in 2014, NBC (April 14, 2022)

Harvard scientists discover the first interstellar meteor, US military confirms, CNN (April 13, 2022)

Spy Satellites Confirmed Our Discovery of the First Meteor from beyond the Solar System, Scientific American (April 12, 2022)

The Pentagon Just Confirmed the First-Ever Interstellar Visitor to Earth, Popular Mechanics (April 12, 2022)

US Military Confirms Meteorite That Hit Earth in 2014 Was Interstellar, CNET (April 12, 2022)

An interstellar object exploded over Earth in 2014, LiveScience (April 11, 2022)

US Government Confirms First Known Interstellar Object on Earth, VICE (April 7, 2022)

Does Planet Nine Exist?, Newsweek (December 4, 2021)

Amir Siraj on CanadaTalks, SiriusXM 167 — Krystal Nation (November 16, 2021)

Interstellar Visitor 'Oumuamua Not A Nitrogen Iceberg, LiveScience & Space.com (November 14, 2021)

`Oumuamua Probably Wasn’t a Nitrogen Iceberg, Universe Today (November 13, 2021)

New Study Sheds Light On `Oumuamua, Observer (November 13, 2021)

In Focus: Space, Harvard University (October 27, 2021)

Profile of Avi Loeb, Smithsonian Magazine (October 2021)

Protoplanetary Disks Throw Out More Material Than Gets Turned Into Planets, Universe Today  (September 10, 2021)

The Oort Cloud May Harbor an Astonishing Number of Interstellar Objects, Scientific American (September 2, 2021)

Interstellar Comets Like Borisov May Not Be All That Rare, Harvard Gazette (August 31, 2021)

More Interstellar Visitors, SYFY Wire (August 31, 2021)

Interstellar Comets Visit Frequently, Space.com (August 26, 2021)

How Many Comets From Elsewhere?, EarthSky (August 26, 2021)

Interstellar Objects Might Outnumber Solar System Objects in the Oort Cloud, Universe Today (August 26, 2021)

A Huge Population of Interstellar Comets in the Oort Cloud, Centauri Dreams (August 25, 2021)

Interstellar Objects Are Everywhere, Axios (August 24, 2021)

Interstellar Comets Are More Common Than Thought, Cosmos (August 23, 2021)

Oort Cloud Filled With interstellar Objects, Independent (August 23, 2021)

How Rare Are Interstellar Comets?, International Business Times (August 23, 2021)

A Cosmic Melting Pot, Forbes (August 22, 2021)

Interstellar Comets May Not Be All That Rare, CfA Press Release (August 21, 2021)

When to Expect Responses to our Radio Signals, 630 KHOW (August 18, 2021)

Search for Extraterrestrial Responding Intelligence, Universe Today (August 10, 2021)

A Systematic Search for Signs of Extraterrestrial Life, Harvard Crimson (August 10, 2021)

Galileo Project, Universe Today (July 28, 2021)

Death by Primordial Black Hole, Scientific American (June 6, 2021)

Swiss Alps Classics, (June 2, 2021)

An Asteroid Didn't Kill Off The Dinosaurs — A Comet Did, Discover Magazine (March 4, 2021)

Chicxulub Was A Comet Fragment, The Harvard Crimson (February 19, 2021)

Did A Comet Wipe Out The Dinosaurs?, Universe Today (February 19, 2021)

A Comet, Not An Asteroid?, Salon (February 17, 2021)

A New Take On What Wiped Out The Dinosaurs, CNET (February 17, 2021)

Dinosaurs May Have Been Killed By A Comet, People Magazine (February 17, 2021)

Extinction Of The Dinosaurs, TV 5 Monde (February 17, 2021)

Comet From Edge of Solar System, France 24 (February 16, 2021)

Dinosaur-Killing Impact, NPR (February 16, 2021)

Comet That Killed Dinosaurs, CBS Boston (February 16, 2021)

Comet Chunk From Edge Of Solar System, The Boston Globe (February 15, 2021)

A Comet Fragment Killed The Dinosaurs, Ars Technica (February 15, 2021)

A Higher Comet Impact Rate, Forbes (February 15, 2021)

Where Did The Dinosaur-Killing Impactor Come From?, The New York Times (February 15, 2021)

Jupiter's Chain Reaction, Forbes (February 15, 2021)

Jupiter Flung The Dinosaur-Killer Comet at Earth, BBC Science Focus (February 15, 2021)

The Cataclysm That Killed The Dinosaurs, Harvard Gazette (February 15, 2021)

Astrophysicists Chart Source of Dinosaur-Killer, Smithsonian Magazine (February 15, 2021)

Sungrazer And The Dinosaurs, Sky News (February 15, 2021)

New Theory On Dinosaur-Killing Space Rock, Yahoo News (February 15, 2021)

Comet From Edge Of Solar System, CNET (February 15, 2021)

Catastrophic Sungrazer, Earth.com (February 15, 2021)

What Killed The Dinosaurs?, CfA Press Release (February 15, 2021)

Could We Be Martians?, BGR (February 13, 2021)

Mars-Earth Panspermia, VICE News (February 11, 2021)

"Beethoven In The Lab", Steinway & Sons (February 1, 2021) 

Odds of Life on Nearest Star are Low, Futurism (January 27, 2021)

Habitability of Proxima b, Numerama (January 23, 2021)

A $100 Million Message?, Forbes (January 21, 2021)

Copernican Principle Rules out BLC1, Discover Magazine (January 18, 2021)

An Intelligent Civilization at Alpha Centauri is Unlikely, Universe Today (January 17, 2021)

A Message From The Nearest Star?, Scientific American (January 12, 2021)

20 Most Universe-Altering Moments of 2020, Inverse (December 25, 2020)

What's New: Year-End Edition, New England Conservatory of Music (December 22, 2020)

A Planet Nine Analogue, Salon (December 15, 2020)

Weekly Newsletter, Black Hole Initiative (December 7, 2020) 

Siraj Awarded Forbes 30 Under 30, Harvard Astronomy Department (December 2, 2020)

Forbes 30 Under 30 2021: Science, Forbes (December 1, 2020)

The Quest for Planet Nine, Yale Daily News (November 16, 2020)

Large-Number Statistics of Interstellar Objects, Universe Today (November 7, 2020)

Earth-Skimming Meteor May Have Brought Life to Venus, Harvard Crimson (October 1, 2020)

Meteors could transfer life between Earth and Venus, Fox News (Septmeber 28, 2020)

Earth life may have traveled to Venus, Space.com (September 24, 2020)

Is There a Black Hole in Our Backyard?, The New York Times (September 11, 2020)

Far-out Findings from the Cosmos, Harvard Gazette (September 4, 2020)

The Sun's Long-Lost Twin, Fox News (September 1, 2020)

A Solar Binary, the Oort Cloud, and Planet Nine, Cosmos (August 20, 2020)

Rewriting the Sun's Early History, Inverse (August 20, 2020)

A Lost Solar Twin, Numerama (August 20, 2020)

Two Suns?, Radio Canada (August 20, 2020)

The Sun Might Have Had a Binary Companion Star, Universe Today (August 19, 2020)

Amir Siraj on Times Radio with John Pienaar, Times Radio (August 19, 2020)

A Long-Lost Solar Twin?, Gizmodo (August 18, 2020)

A Companion to the Sun, Futurism (August 18, 2020)

Was Our Sun a Twin?, Forbes (August 18, 2020)

The Sun's Binary Companion, CfA Press Release (August 18, 2020)

Advocacy for National Parks Through New Music Project, New England Conservatory of Music (August 6, 2020)

The Musical Inspiration of National Parks, National Park Foundation (August 4, 2020)

Planet Nine: Black Hole or Planet?, Astronomy Magazine (July 15, 2020)

How to Find Out if Planet Nine is a Black Hole, ScienceAlert (July 13, 2020)

The Mysterious Case of Planet Nine, Inverse (July 13, 2020)

A New Telescope Could Find Primordial Black Holes, New Atlas (July 12, 2020)

A Grapefruit-Sized Black Hole?, BGR (July 12, 2020)

Searching for Dark Matter in the Solar System, Forbes (July 11, 2020)

LSST Could Probe Primordial Black Holes, Space.com (July 11, 2020)

A Plan to Detect a Black Hole, Gizmodo (July 10, 2020)

The Nature of Planet Nine, Futurism (July 10, 2020)

Detecting Flares from a Planet Nine Black Hole, Universe Today (July 10, 2020)

A Search for a Primordial Black Hole, Phys.org (July 10, 2020)

Is Planet Nine a Primordial Black Hole?, CfA Press Release (July 9, 2020)

Risks for Life from Asteroids, Forbes (June 30, 2020)

Five Beautiful Online Piano Recitals, Pianist Magazine (June 22, 2020)

Testing the Planet Nine Black Hole Hypothesis, Forbes (June 3, 2020)

Top ArXiv Papers of the Week, by Sunny Vagnozzi (May 29, 2020)

Siraj Awarded Hoopes and Goldberg Prizes, Harvard Astronomy Department (May 22, 2020)

2020 Hoopes Prizes Awarded, Harvard Crimson (May 15, 2020)

Impact of Fast Supernova Dust on the Moon, Popular Science (April 30, 2020) 

Meteors Near the Speed of Light, Universe Today (February 28, 2020)

Interstellar Panspermia, Astronomy.com (February 21, 2020)

Supernova Meteors, Numerama (February 20, 2020)

Man of The Year Gets a Musical Tour, Harvard Gazette (February 7, 2020)

Exporting Terrestrial Life, Eos (January 22, 2020)

Comets & Interstellar Objects Could Help Transfer Life, Universe Today (October 19, 2019)

Life Escaping the Solar System, Scientific American (November 4, 2019)

Interstellar Comet Borisov, Space.com (September 20, 2019)

The Moon as a Fishing Net, Scientific American (September 8, 2019)

An Interstellar Observatory in Lunar Orbit, Space.com (August 30, 2019)

Learning About Interstellar Objects From the Moon, Numerama (August 29, 2019)

Detecting Interstellar Meteoroids on the Moon, Universe Today (August 28, 2019)

It Takes a Village to Declassify an Error Bar, Scientific American (July 3, 2019)

What Can We Learn From a Seashell, Cosmos (June 22, 2019)

`Oumuamua's Cousin, Scientific American (May 6, 2019)

Harvard Undergrad & Professor Identify First Interstellar Meteor, Harvard Crimson (April 30, 2019)

`Oumuamua Might Not Be First Interstellar Visitor, NBC News (April 24, 2019)

Meteor From Another Solar System, CNN (April 17, 2019)

Interstellar Meteor, Fox News (April 17, 2019)

2014 Interstellar Meteor, Smithsonian (April 17, 2019)

Interstellar Fireball, National Geographic (April 16, 2019)

First Known Interstellar Meteor, Space.com (April 16, 2019)

First Interstellar Meteor, Newsweek (April 16, 2019)

Kicks off Second Junior Cliburn, My Sweet Charity (January 10, 2019)

`Oumuamua One Of Many Interstellar Visitors, CNET (December 7, 2018)

Potential Interstellar Objects in the Solar System, Forbes (November 30, 2018)

Trapped Interstellar Asteroids and Comets in the Solar System, Universe Today (November 29, 2018)

Harvard Presidential Inauguration, Harvard Magazine (October 5, 2018)

Reforming U.S. Space Law, Harvard Political Review (September 28, 2018)

A Need For Regulation in Space, Harvard Political Review (January 9, 2018)

Planetary Protection, Harvard Political Review (November 21, 2017)

Atlantic Council aboard USS Intrepid, Bloomberg (September 21, 2017)

Global Citizen Awards, Atlantic Council (September 7, 2017)

Young Immigrant Musicians Reinvent a Classic, NPR (July 3, 2017)

Presidential Scholar, Boston 25 News (May 11, 2017)

Named U.S. Presidential Scholar, Patch (May 5, 2017)

Siraj & O'Riley, NPR (April 24, 2017)

Performs on National Radio, Brookline TAB (March 7, 2017)

Organizes Benefit Concert, Boston Globe (January 26, 2016)

Reaches Out Through Music, Boston Globe (January 21, 2016)

Selected for the Cliburn, Boston Globe (March 30, 2015)